Estate Settlement in Alabama: A Complete Guide for Executors

Alabama Probate at a Glance

Step 1: Determine If You Need Probate

Not every Alabama estate requires formal probate. Summary distribution for estates under $32,500.

Assets that typically don't count toward the probate threshold include jointly held property, assets in a living trust, life insurance proceeds, retirement accounts with named beneficiaries, and payable-on-death accounts.

Not sure if you need probate? Read our guide →

Step 2: File with the Probate Court

If probate is required, file a petition with the probate court in the county where the deceased lived. Filing deadline: No strict deadline. You'll typically need:

• The original will (if one exists)
• Certified death certificate
• Petition for probate (forms vary by county)
• Filing fee (varies by county)

Step 3: Get Appointed as Executor

At the hearing, the court will officially appoint you as the personal representative (executor) and issue Letters Testamentary. These letters are your legal authority to act on behalf of the estate. Order multiple certified copies — banks, title companies, and government agencies will each need one.

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Step 4: Notify Creditors and Beneficiaries

Alabama requires you to notify all known creditors directly and publish a general notice to creditors. The creditor claim period in Alabama is 6 months from Letters issued. You must also notify all beneficiaries named in the will.

Step 5: Inventory and Appraise Assets

Compile a complete inventory of all estate assets — real estate, bank accounts, investment accounts, retirement accounts, vehicles, personal property, and digital assets. Get professional appraisals for real estate, jewelry, collectibles, and any assets of uncertain value.

Every document you need after a parent dies →

Step 6: Manage Estate Finances

Open an estate bank account and consolidate all estate funds. Pay valid creditor claims, ongoing expenses (mortgage, utilities, insurance), and file final income tax returns. Keep meticulous records of every transaction.

What happens to bank accounts when someone dies →

Step 7: Handle Real Property

If the estate includes real property in Alabama, you'll need to decide whether to sell, transfer to a beneficiary, or rent. Alabama is a common law (separate property) state, so property ownership is determined by title.

Homestead protection in Alabama: $15,000 homestead exemption.

How to handle a parent's house after death →

Tax Considerations in Alabama

No state estate or inheritance tax. While there is no state-level estate or inheritance tax, federal estate tax applies to estates exceeding the federal exemption ($13.61 million in 2024). Final federal and state income tax returns must also be filed.

Step 8: Distribute Assets and Close the Estate

Once all debts are paid and taxes filed, distribute remaining assets according to the will (or intestate succession if there is no will). File a final accounting with the court and petition to close the estate.

Alabama Executor Compensation

Reasonable compensation, maximum 2.5% of estate value.

Key Deadlines for Alabama Executors

Frequently Asked Questions

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